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A valve is to be installed in a pipeline to convey fluid such as water, oil, gas and etc. to obtain following very important roll. a) Complete isolation of the flow b) Control of the flow rate There are many types of valve and they are used based on its use as follow: i) Gate Valve: This is very popular and widely used to isolate the flow ii) Globe Valve: This type of valve is used for complete shut off of the flow and roughly flow control in some cases. iii) Check Valve (Non-return valve): This type of valve is used for only to prevent reverse flow when the flow in the pipeline is stopped. iv) Needle Valve: This type of valve is used for relatively accurate manual control of the flow. v) Ball Valve: This type is operated only 90 degree rotation to full open from to full closed position and is used for relatively in higher pressure with small pressure loss. vi) Butterfly Valve: This is mainly used for Large Diameter in Low pressure line like water works, desalination plant, cooling circulation water line in a power generating plants. vii) Control valve: This is used for control of flow to control flow rate, pressure, temperature and any other purpose of control of the flow. viii) Regulators: These valves control pressure, temperature etc by itself, without any power such as electricity, air, water, hydraulic etc. It is very important to know and distinguish a valve manufacturer who has a long and enough technical know how and experiences. We, ESCO always recommend to our customer having such a excellent manufacturers and it is also our know how. GENERAL VALVE L：CONTROL VALVE R：FORGED VALVE BALL VALVE BUTTERFLY VALVE

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Fittings are to be used mainly for connecting pipe and pipe not only for same diameter of pipes but also different diameter. They are manufactured from seamless pipes and welded pipes and materials are normally same as of the pipes to be connected. Followings are most popular fittings: i) Elbow ii) Tee iii) Reducer iv) Cap Fittings are also basic and important parts in piping systems and they shall be manufactured through several inspections and tests. We recommend a world famous and reputable manufacturer having many and long experiences in this fields.

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Flanges are used normally for connecting same diameter of two pipes adapting them to the pipes by thread and/or welding and fastened with bolts. There is another way to connect two piece of same diameter by welding but in case of flange connection, it is very easy to dismantle the pipes. Therefore, flange connection is a strong point comparing with welding connection in case of dismantling the pipes for repair, cleaning or replacement. Followings are types of flanges: i) Weld neck type ii) Socket weld type iii) Slip on type iv) Threaded type v) Lap joint type vi) Blind type. A flange is also very important piping materials and they mast be manufactured with good quality through several inspections, examinations and tests. And experiences are also very important in choosing a manufacturer. We recommend our customers always a manufacturer well experienced and preparing high quality.

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Pipes are used widely for any piping, such industries as Oil Producing, Oil Refining, Petrochemical, Water Transmission, Desalination, Power and Iron & Steel etc. Tubes are used mainly for heat exchangers and it is therefore good heat conductivity and high anti-corrosion materials such as stainless steel and copper alloy are required. We recommend our customers mainly copper alloy and stainless steel tubes from above reason.

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